Posts published during October, 2007

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读书散记

<小窗幽记>
志要高华,趣要淡泊。
人生莫如闲,太闲反生恶业;人生莫如清,太清反类俗情。
闭门阅佛书,开门接佳客,出门寻山水,此人生三乐。
学者要有兢业的心思,又要有潇洒的趣味。

评语: 儒释道三家, 一语道破.

<闲情偶记>

○鱼

食鱼者首重在鲜,次则及肥,肥而且鲜,鱼之能事毕矣。然二美虽兼,又有所重在一者。如鲟、如季、如鲫、如鲤,皆以鲜胜者也,鲜宜清煮作汤;如鳊、如白,如鲥、如鲢,皆以肥胜者也,肥宜厚烹作脍。烹煮之法,全在火候得宜。先期而食者肉生,生则不松;过期而食者肉死,死则无味。迟客之家,他馔或可先设以待,鱼则必须活养,候客至旋烹。鱼之至味在鲜,而鲜之至味又只在初熟离釜之片刻,若先烹以待,是使鱼之至美,发泄于空虚无人之境;待客至而再经火气,犹冷饭之复炊,残酒之再热,有其形而无其质矣。煮鱼之水忌多,仅足伴鱼而止,水多一口,则鱼淡一分。司厨婢子,所利在汤,常有增而复增,以致鲜味减而又减者,志在厚客,不能不薄待庖人耳。更有制鱼良法,能使鲜肥迸出,不失天真,迟速咸宜,不虞火候者,则莫妙于蒸。置之镟内,入陈酒、酱油各数盏,覆以瓜姜及蕈笋诸鲜物,紧火蒸之极熟。此则随时早暮,供客咸宜,以鲜味尽在鱼中,并无一物能侵,亦无一气可泄,真上着也。

○饭粥

粥饭二物,为家常日用之需,其中机彀,无人不晓,焉用越俎者强为致词?然有吃紧二语,巧妇知之而不能言者,不妨代为喝破,使姑传之媳,母传之女,以两言代千百言,亦简便利人之事也。先就粗者言之。饭之大病,在内生外熟,非烂即焦;粥之大病,在上清下淀,如糊如膏。此火候不均之故,惟最拙最笨者有之,稍能炊爨者,必无是事。然亦有刚柔合道,燥湿得宜,而令人咀之嚼之,有粥饭之美形,无饮食之至味者。其病何在?曰:挹水无度,增减不常之为害也。其吃紧二语,则曰:“粥水忌增,饭水忌减。”米用几何,则水用几何,宜有一定之度数。如医人用药,水一钟或钟半,煎至七分或八分,皆有定数。若以意为增减,则非药味不出,即药性不存,而服之无效矣。不善执爨者,用水不均,煮粥常患其少,煮饭常苦其多。多则逼而去之,少则增而入之,不知米之精液全在于水,逼去饭汤者,非去饭汤,去饭之精液也。精液去则饭为渣滓,食之尚有味乎?粥之既熟,水米成交,犹米之酿而为酒矣。虑其太厚而入之以水,非入水于粥,犹入水于酒也。水入而酒成糟粕,其味尚可咀乎?故善主中馈者,挹水时必限以数,使其勺不能增,滴无可减,再加以火候调匀,则其为粥为饭,不求异而异乎人矣。

评语: 口腹二物, 一语道破. 治大国如烹小鲜, 烹小鲜亦有治大国之理. 细察之, 趣味无穷.

<Cosmos>

[In the first page of the text] In the vastness of space and the immensity of time, it is my joy to share a planet and an epoch with Annie.

Comment: It’s beautiful.

8 comments

无法辩论

我说, 要勇于探索未知的世界, 要破墙走向世界. 下面一个留言说:

You think that visiting Wikipedia is ok for you, but actually it’s not ok for everyone in China. Most Chinese people don’t share the same level of understanding as you. This civilization is still too easy to fall into the victim of.. have you ever heard of this:

The great mass of people will more easily fall victim to a big lie than to a small one.
- Adolf Hitler

You assume that every Chinese is as smart as you are, and they wouldn’t fall into lies. That’s not right. Even Hitler himself was elected by people.

翻译过来就是:

你认为访问 Wikipedia 是没什么问题, 可是实际上如果让每个中国人都能访问Wiki并不好. 大多数中国人没有你的理解能力, 我们的文明很容易被成为一些谎言的受害者, 或许你听过这个:

大部分人更加容易被弥天大谎而不是小谎所蒙蔽 — 希特勒

你假设所有中国人和你都一样聪明, 他们不会被谎言蒙蔽. 实际上这个不对, 希特勒自己也是民选的.

面对这种言论, 我无法辩论.

[For someone who are not familiar with the Website Content Rating System in China]

Some websites like xinhuanet are rated:
ratingsymbol_e.gif
EVERYONE
Titles rated E (Everyone) have content that may be suitable for ages 6 and older. Titles in this category may contain minimal cartoon, fantasy or mild violence and/or infrequent use of mild language, but doesn’t contain any content that is opposite to Big Brothers.

All the websites censored are rated:
ratingsymbol_ec.gif
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Titles rated EC (Early Childhood) have content that may be suitable for ages 3 and older. Contains no material that big brothers would find inappropriate.

All the websites abroad that are accessible have no rating, but
ratingsymbol_rp.gif
RATING PENDING
Titles listed as RP (Rating Pending) have been submitted to the GFW and are awaiting final rating. Connect will be reseted if the result not belongs to the previous two categories.

Wikipedia, YouTube, Google Cache and all other blocked websites are rated venomous:
radioactive_logo.gif
because:

  • Alcohol Reference – Reference to and/or images of alcoholic beverages
  • Animated Blood – Discolored and/or unrealistic depictions of blood
  • Blood – Depictions of blood
  • Blood and Gore – Depictions of blood or the mutilation of body parts
  • Cartoon Violence – Violent actions involving cartoon-like situations and characters. May include violence where a character is unharmed after the action has been inflicted
  • Comic Mischief – Depictions or dialogue involving slapstick or suggestive humor
  • Crude Humor – Depictions or dialogue involving vulgar antics, including “bathroom” humor
  • Drug Reference – Reference to and/or images of illegal drugs
  • Fantasy Violence – Violent actions of a fantasy nature, involving human or non-human characters in situations easily distinguishable from real life
  • Intense Violence – Graphic and realistic-looking depictions of physical conflict. May involve extreme and/or realistic blood, gore, weapons and depictions of human injury and death
  • Language – Mild to moderate use of profanity
  • Lyrics – Mild references to profanity, sexuality, violence, alcohol or drug use in music
  • Mature Humor – Depictions or dialogue involving “adult” humor, including sexual references
  • Nudity – Graphic or prolonged depictions of nudity
  • Partial Nudity – Brief and/or mild depictions of nudity
  • Real Gambling – Player can gamble, including betting or wagering real cash or currency
  • Sexual Content – Non-explicit depictions of sexual behavior, possibly including partial nudity
  • Sexual Themes – References to sex or sexuality
  • Sexual Violence – Depictions of rape or other violent sexual acts
  • Simulated Gambling – Player can gamble without betting or wagering real cash or currency
  • Strong Language - Explicit and/or frequent use of profanity
  • Strong Lyrics – Explicit and/or frequent references to profanity, sex, violence, alcohol or drug use in music
  • Strong Sexual Content - Explicit and/or frequent depictions of sexual behavior, possibly including nudity
  • Suggestive Themes – Mild provocative references or materials
  • Tobacco Reference – Reference to and/or images of tobacco products
  • Use of Drugs – The consumption or use of illegal drugs
  • Use of Alcohol – The consumption of alcoholic beverages
  • Use of Tobacco – The consumption of tobacco products
  • Violence – Scenes involving aggressive conflict. May contain bloodless dismemberment
  • Violent References – References to violent acts

1. 新买了几本书, 贴图

newkindsci.gif
“A New Kind of Science” by Stephen Wolfram

pci.gif
“Programming Collective Intelligence–Building Smart Web 2.0 Applications” By Toby Segaran

programming.jpg
“Programming the Universe” by Seth Lloyd

cosmos.jpg
“Cosmos” by Carl Sagan

2. 苹果的操作系统上市了, 我买了个正版的(Mac版). 同时, 我发现了一个可以装在 X86 上的.

3. 前几天突然意识到 Windows 操作系统是 POSIX 兼容的, 于是就在想, 除了 以外, 应该有人想办法把 Windows 做成一个 UNIX发行版. 果然Google 一下就发现了. 微软自己出的Windows UNIX 服务套件 , 免费下载. 各位看看, windows就是一个带图形的卖的贵一点的UNIX吧 :)

4. 一个同学skype坏了, 和别人通话老是断断续续的,于是让我测试:

他: 喂, 啊听到啊?
我: 听到
他: 声音啊连续啊, 我skype 好像有 bug, 老断断续续的.
我: 岂止连续啊, 还可导呢
他: (挂了)

5. 周六晚上玩了一个小游戏, 说四个事情, 三真一假, 让大家猜. 我说了这几个, 对我了解的想浪费时间的人猜猜看, 哪个是假的:

1. 我信用卡号码(16位)是个完全平方数 + 31
2. 我有个弟弟, 但是我们家没违反计划生育.
3. 我开支票从来只开整数, 小数部分统一往上取整
4. 其实我压根就不会做菜, 所有的做菜方法都是临时Google 得到的.

我的Blog从4月份开张到现在, PageRank 一直是0. 今天PageRank 更新了, 变成  4 了. 我除了用了 mod_rewrite, 一点SEO都没有做过. 可见只要内容好, PageRank 就上去了. (当然和 AW 同学的 PageRank 还是不能比).

最近 Blog 更新慢了, 因为工作学习上的事情有点忙. 过了这几天就好了. 乘今天出来冒泡的机会向 Blog 读者先说个抱歉. 虽然写Blog 不是任务, 不过看到700多的订阅量和400多的PV (和 AW 同学比还是太小了), 感觉要是每天不加点新的内容, 真的对不住大家 :)

14 comments

关于读书

看到师弟蔡白银写的文章, 有所感, 写下几句不成文的心得体会.

大学读经典书, 能缩小自己和发达国家学生的差距. 我们国家的大学和发达国家相比, 差距大家也都能看到. 在理工科上, 或许中国大学唯一能和外国大学在同一起跑线的, 就是图书馆里面躺着的经典英文原版书了. 科学发展到今天, 每个领域都是枝丫茂盛, 都有经典的著作. 作为大学生, 如果没有读过(哪怕看看前言也行呀), 在我看来, 不算合格. 修身第一条, 就是读读经典.

要是上大学的时候只是全是靠课堂而不主动阅读, 这大学也和幼儿园没两样.

好书能帮你打通筋脉, 读了之后立即高屋建瓴, 建立起对一个领域的全盘认识. 我常常觉得, 好书大气磅礴, 就像武林名门正道功夫一样, 大开大阖, 读完以后人的气象都不一样. 读烂书, 或者上用烂教材的课, 会降低你的智商.不相信我这句话的人可以选择 TAoCP 读一下第一小节,再比较一下其他(本校)写数据结构和算法的书.

好的教材好比是心法, 提纲挈领. 先看心法是磨刀不误砍柴功的. 而可惜的是无论是市场还是实际, 砍柴的书都很受欢迎, 磨刀的书没人喜欢看. 很多做技术的都容易做到头, 就是因为没心法, 练不好72绝技的. 就计算机方面而言, 数据结构算法 (Intro. to Algorithm/TAoCP)看一本, 编程工具(TIJ/TIC++/SICP+Python)看一本, 离散数学(Concrete M/Discrete M)看一本, 足以秒杀大多数公司面试题了.

要善于利用中英对照, 好坏对照的比武看书法. 我并非崇洋媚外, 国内很多大学的教材, 存在很强的门户之见, 其教材主要内容囿于本校擅长的某些领域, 往往不能使人窥得一个体系的全貌. 因此最好的办法是找本英文的, 找本中文的. 英文书往往文字冗长, 实例繁多; 中文书往往讲空泛理论, 几乎无例子, 两者结合, 能够取长补短. 更有效的是想像两个作者在吵架, 并且将自己置于审稿人的地位, 跳出书本, 评点某处某书写得如何, 如果自己写该如何写等等. 如此一比武, 好书烂书高下立判, 而且能从一个更高的层次审视一本书. 一招一式学高手, 未必能成高手; 常看高手过招, 华山论剑, 你很快会变成高手.

书是要往厚处读的. 一本书, 哪怕只读一章, 也要保证从头读到尾. 如果没这个自信, 还是不要读了. 弱水三千, 只取一瓢, 与其说是走捷径, 不如说是纵容自己的浮躁和浅尝辄止. 这样读书, 基础不牢. 好比光看别人拳法打的好看, 自己不下功夫从头到尾把拳法演练几遍, 很快就会忘掉的. 我认识不少人, 书往往看得很多, 但考试面试或者实际运用的时候, 和没读过没两样. 结果如此, 那当年读了干啥?

–推而广之, 书上的程序和习题是要一条一条做的. 我认识一个高中朋友, 他说物理不好. 我给他出了个主意: 只做一本书上的习题, 而且一丝不苟, 从格式到步骤都要完美, 假想自己是写本能出版的习题解. 他尝试了几个星期, 单科成绩已经是年级第一了. 往往看上去最笨的方法, 实际上是最聪明的. 就我个人而言, 高年级小学生一笔一划写完初中平面几何只要一年半, 老师讲要三年; 完全不懂OO的大一新生一键一键敲完 Thinking in Java 上的所有程序只要半学期, 就能独步于10万行代码的中型项目. 而很多人学 4 年 Java 也不知道架构到底是什么样子的.

如果我没记错的话, 侯捷在 STL 源码剖析的序言中, 引用了老子的一句话: “天下大事,必作于细”. 我觉得, 能将这句心法读到, 又有什么不能剖析的源码呢. 纵使若干年后, STL 丢在历史某处, 你仍然能够在新的技术中”游刃有余”.

补充: 有很多辅助手段能帮人选书. 我的选法是: 互联网. 判断一本书(我特指数学或计算机方面的教材)是不是好书太简单了, 看看这本书作者如何, 这本书反馈如何. 如果有网页的话, 看看 Google 给这本书的 PageRank 是多少. 尽量选择国外一流大学的教材. 一般情况下, 国内出版的教材, 如果不是清华北大中科院或者这方面的杰出专家出的, 可直接略过. 少买几本庸书, 是为抵制全球变暖和保护森林做贡献.

当然, 说的这些, 都是一己之见. 我知道大家都很”快餐阅读”. 但愿看这篇文章的, 和能认真做到的比例, 能到10:1, 也就行了.

A short while after I posted “Why Asian girl in US doesn’t want to date me “, Niniane visited my blog and said, ·

This was pretty funny. If you are a slashdot/digg geek, shouldn’t you be running linux? Instead of a PC with 640k memory.
I must agree that LOLcats would not work on girls. The grammar is not funny! You should instead use AllYourBase.”

First, thank Niniane for visiting and leaving very helpful suggestions. According to her suggestions, I refined some sentences here:

I am running Debian sid (unstable) on my grandma’s Pentium 66MHz + 128M which is buggy so I have to reboot X after 30 minutes, while they are running Ubuntu 6.06 LTS (Long Time Support) on Core Duo + 4GB.

And next time if I want to date an Asian girl, I should say:

How are you young lady!!
All your base are belong to me.
You are on the way to our dating.

I guess it works, at least for Niniane. LOL.

I, a bitter Asian man, don’t want to insult any Asian girl. Here is a wrap-up.

The initial post is here:
Why I Don’t Date Asian Men

My response:
Why Asian girl in US doesn’t want to date me

Some other responses:
为什么我找不到中国女孩作女朋友

也说为何找不到女朋友

A funny site to see:
Bitter Asian Men

My readers, especially Asian girls, please try to be humorous and don’t treat this too seriously. If you want to send me hate mail, here is TEH ADDRASS:

youxu [A@LOLC@T] wustl.edu

MAIKE SURE U CAN LET ME LAUGH!

KTHXBYE.

(Change all [#!#$] to @)